Magnesium nitrate
Magnesium nitrate - Names and Identifiers
Magnesium nitrate - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | MgN2O6 |
| Molar Mass | 148.3148 |
| Density | 0.889g/mLat 25°C |
| Melting Point | 648°C(lit.) |
| Boling Point | 1090°C(lit.) |
| Flash Point | −26°F |
| Water Solubility | Freely soluble in water. Moderately soluble in ethanol and ammonia. |
| Solubility | H2O: soluble |
| Vapor Presure | 1 mm Hg ( 621 °C) |
| Appearance | turnings |
| Exposure Limit | ACGIH: TWA 2 ppm; STEL 4 ppmOSHA: TWA 2 ppm(5 mg/m3)NIOSH: IDLH 25 ppm; TWA 2 ppm(5 mg/m3); STEL 4 ppm(10 mg/m3) |
| Merck | 13,5697 |
| Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Colorless monoclinic crystal or white crystal. melting point 89 ℃ boiling point 330 ℃ (decomposition) relative density 1.6363 solubility soluble in hot water, soluble in cold water, methanol, ethanol, liquid ammonia. Its aqueous solution is neutral. |
| Use | Used as a dehydrating agent for concentrated nitric acid, manufacturing explosives, catalysts and other magnesium salts, and also used as a wheat ashing agent |
Magnesium nitrate - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Raw Materials | Nitric acid Magnesium oxide |
| Downstream Products | Nitric acid |
Magnesium nitrate - Reference Information
| EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
| Overview | Magnesium nitrate mainly exists in the form of anhydrous, dihydrate and hexahydrate, and most of the commercially available products are hexahydrate. Dihydrate Mg(NO3)2 · 2H2O is a colorless columnar crystal, and hexahydrate Mg(NO3)2 · 6H2O is a colorless monoclinic crystal, which is easy to deliquesce and has a melting point of 89 ℃. When it is higher than the melting point, it is dehydrated to generate basic magnesium nitrate [Mg(NO3)2 · 4Mg(OH)2]. It is decomposed into magnesium oxide and nitrogen oxide gas at 330 ℃. Both are easily soluble in water, ethanol and liquid ammonia. Mixed with organic matter can generate heat and ignite spontaneously, causing fire or explosion. It is made by the action of nitric acid and magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide or magnesium carbonate. Commonly used as oxidant, catalyst, raw material for making fireworks or other magnesium salts. |
| preparation method | magnesium oxide reacts with nitric acid, filters, concentrates, crystallizes, recrystallizes, and hexahydrate can be prepared. The chemical reaction formula is as follows: MgO 2HNO3 → Mg(NO3)2 H2O uses basic magnesium carbonate as raw material, reacts with 60% nitric acid, filters, concentrates, crystallizes at room temperature, and recrystallizes to produce hexahydrate. The chemical reaction formula is as follows: 3 MgCO3 · Mg(OH)2+8HNO3 → 4Mg(NO3)2+3CO2 + 5H2O |
| analysis method | gravimetric analysis method: the magnesium nitrate sample (Mg(NO3)2 xH2O) containing crystal water is completely converted into magnesium oxide (MgO) after burning at 500 ℃ in a resistance furnace for a period of time, and the percentage content of magnesium nitrate is calculated based on the weight of the final product magnesium oxide. the calculation formula is as follows: MMgO-the weight g of magnesium oxide, the final product after sample ignition; 3.7-the molecular weight ratio of magnesium nitrate and magnesium oxide; M-sample weight g. |
| application | 1. used as oxidant, catalyst, raw material for making fireworks or other magnesium salts and leather additives. 2. Can be used in magnesium nitrate humidifier. 3. Used as dehydrating agent for producing concentrated nitric acid. 4. It is used to assist in the synthesis of high-energy explosive blackgold, used in the manufacture of detonators, explosive and detonating cords. |
| solubility in water (g/100ml) | dissolution grams per 100ml of water at different temperatures (℃): 62.1g/0 ℃;66g/10 ℃;69.5g/20 ℃;73.6g/30 ℃;78.9g/40 ℃ 78.9g/60 ℃;91.6g/80 ℃;106g/90 ℃ |
| Use | Used as a dehydrating agent for concentrated nitric acid, manufacturing explosives, catalysts and other magnesium salts, and also used as a wheat ashing agent Used as a wheat ashing agent And catalyst |
| production method | commercially available magnesium nitrate hexahydrate with a purity of 98%-99% or more. No water for sale. Preparation method? 3MgCO 3 · Mg(OH) 2 + 8HNO 3 → 4Mg(NO 3 ) 2 + 3CO 2 + 5H 2 O was slowly added to 200mol/L nitric acid 200mL 5mol/L under stirring, and the reaction was severe, releasing carbon dioxide to form magnesium nitrate solution. If there are insoluble components, filter. The filtrate is placed on a porcelain evaporating dish and heated to evaporate, and is constantly stirred with a glass rod. When the temperature of the solution reaches 120 ℃, heating is stopped and needle crystals are precipitated by cooling. Suction filter, put in a dryer to dry. MgO can also be used instead of basic magnesium carbonate, the operation is the same. |
| category | oxidant |
| Explosive hazard characteristics | Mixed with reducing agent, sulfur, phosphorus, etc., can be exploded by heating, impact, friction |
| flammability hazard characteristics | mixed with organic matter, reducing agent, combustible sulfur and phosphorus; decomposes toxic nitrogen oxide gas when heated |
| storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse ventilation and low temperature drying; light loading and light unloading; separate from organic matter, reducing agent, sulfur and phosphorus flammable materials |
| fire extinguishing agent | mist water, sand |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-09 20:49:11
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